| 周佳玥,陈红波.新型冠状病毒疫苗在慢性肾脏病患者中的效果评价[J].浙江中西医结合杂志,2023,33(2): |
| 新型冠状病毒疫苗在慢性肾脏病患者中的效果评价 |
| The Effectiveness Evaluation of COVID-19 Vaccines in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients |
| 投稿时间：2022-04-27 修订日期：2022-09-02 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 慢性肾脏病 CKD 肾移植 新冠肺炎 新冠疫苗 |
| 英文关键词:chronic kidney disease CKD kidney transplantation COVID-19 COVID-19 vaccines |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 534 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 新型冠状病毒肺炎（Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19）自爆发以来，其迅速传播的特点和多种变异毒株的出现，对人类健康和经济发展产生了巨大的影响。该病重症容易出现在老年人和体质较差的人群中，如慢性肾脏病患者（Chronic Kidney Disease, CKD）。由于长期使用免疫抑制剂，CKD患者成为了感染新冠肺炎的高危人群，其中不乏接受透析甚至是肾移植的患者。为了让这一群体获得对新型冠状病毒的适应性免疫，接种针对刺突蛋白的新冠疫苗十分重要。但长期使用免疫抑制剂可能会对疫苗的效果产生影响。基于目前的研究结果，CKD患者的免疫受损状态可能会减少接种单剂特定新冠疫苗后产生的中和抗体，加强接种剂量也许能增加中和抗体的滴度，而影响新冠疫苗免疫原性的因素仍需进行进一步研究。由于CKD患者处于相对免疫受损状态，除了在新冠肺炎大流行期间做好防护以外，这一群体还应接受推荐剂量的新冠疫苗，以获得对新冠病毒的适应性免疫。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Since the breakout of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the rapid spread of it and the emergence of many mutant variants have had a tremendous impact on human health and economic development. Critical illness of COVID-19 easily occurs in the elderly and vulnerable individuals, such as those with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Due to long-term use of immunosuppressants, patients with CKD are at high risk of infection, including dialysis or even kidney recipients. In order for this group of people to develop adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV-2, vaccination against the spike protein is important. But the chronic use of immunosuppressants might disturb the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. On the basis of current researches, the immune compromised status of CKD patients might decrease neutralizing antibody development after a single dose of a specific vaccine, boosting dosage more than the protocol might increase the titer of the neutralizing antibody in CKD patients. Further evidence is needed to understand the factors disturbing the immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccines. As CKD patients are relatively immunocompromised, in addition to taking precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic, this population should receive the recommended dose of vaccines to achieve adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2. |
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